Julius Caesar: Act 4, Scene 3 Summary
Plot Summary / Storyline
- Inside the tent, Brutus and Cassius have a fierce quarrel: Brutus accuses Cassius of taking bribes and protecting corrupt officers.
- Cassius feels hurt and says Brutus no longer loves him, but after much arguing they forgive each other and make peace.
- Brutus then reveals that Portia has killed herself by swallowing hot coals because she could not bear his absence and the growing power of their enemies.
- They discuss strategy and agree to march to Philippi to meet Antony and Octavius' army.
- That night, while Brutus rests, the Ghost of Caesar appears, saying it will meet him again at Philippi.
Commentary on Act 4, Scene 3
The quarrel shows that the conspirators have become what they once hated: Brutus now accuses Cassius of the same corruption they used as a reason to kill Caesar.
Their shouting gives a human touch to their relationship; they are not cold plotters but emotional men under huge pressure.
Portia's tragic suicide reveals the emotional damage caused by political choices; her death also leaves Brutus more alone than ever.
The decision to go to Philippi, against Cassius' better military advice, shows Brutus relying on idealism rather than strategy, which will contribute to their defeat.
Caesar's ghost is a powerful symbol of guilt and fate; it reminds Brutus that he cannot escape the consequences of killing a friend.